Check list

Cell based - Examples
Model based - Examples - My own example
Time Lapse - Examples
Cut out - Examples - My own example

Pixelation - Examples - My own example
Persistence of vision - Examples 
History of animation - Examples 
Present day animation 

Time lapse

A time lapse is a Sequence of images that are taken from a camera every few seconds, Then the images are all played back together which create the illusion of a moving image. There is a debate that is constantly going on through photographers and animators about time lapses being either animation or photography. 

Time lapse of hurricane sandy hitting NewYork. The Time lapse was taken from a camera that was left filming all day long to show you the progression of the storm, These time lapses were very popular through this storm which mean news broke out about the storms happenings faster than on the news.

Time lapse of a girl growing up from birth to 10 years old. This time lapse was taken by taken by taking a photo everyday for 10 years and when the photos are all played together it tricks your brain into thinking it is one long film, which is linked in with persistence of vision.

This is a time lapse of a city throughout the day in different areas. This time lapse shows a city workings at night, the most of the video shows an airport time lapse which shows just how busy airports can be, as I said before it is the persistence of vision which tricks your brain into thinking the photos are a video.

Cut out 3

We have completed the cut out animation and here is the finished product.

Made by Andrew C, Matty O, Rory S and Sophie C. The quality is not that good due to the camera and lighting but we cannot help that. I found out that cut out animation is very difficult as you cannot use your finger without moving more than you wanted, we had problems with trying to move for example an arm and moving much more.

Cut out 2

Today we have printed out 4 copies of the finished teletubby and the background, we are currently in the state of cutting everything out ready for animating. I think the project is going well so far, although the thinking process took much longer than it was supposed to as no one could agree on what we should do.

Our cut out idea

We are thinking about having a teletubby body with one of our faces in it and have them dance.

We are going to put a teletubby in photoshop and edit a face onto it, then we will cut out all the parts we will want to be able to move freely.

When recording the stop motion we will simply be using our iStopmotion and stop motion flexible cameras to record. We will be using the table to rest the images on as we do not have anything else that would be suitable.

Although our cut out is not completely finished this is the teletubby we will be using so far:



We will be using this as a background for our cut out animation:

Cut out animation

How it works

Cut out animation is made by lots of different pieces of different materials e.g. paper or card. Then you use these different pieces of material and slowly move them around just like you do with clay animation. The smaller the movements the smoother the result will look. The earliest version of cut out animation is The adventures of prince Achmed which was made in 1926, but this took about 3 years to make.

There as been many different cut out animations over the years but one animation that started off as cut out animation is still running now but has been changed into computer animation, this means that when it was cut out it could take up to 70days for one episode but now it can be done in less than one day. Southpark is one of those programs that can only take a day to make, you can see how technology as helped improve cut out animation because although the overall finish isn't as smooth as cell, that is the desired effect.

My first creation

Unicorn + Dinosaur = My Unisaur    

This is my first animation using a model and not a human, it is only a few seconds long and is about a Unisaur walking to a puddle to get a drink, the water comes to life and rolls away and then the unisaur walks off the edge of a cliff. 

Towards the end you can see my fingers and arm, but that was because it needed support to fall.

1990 - Present day

Seth Macfarlane


Family guy

May 15th 1998 Seth MacFarlane showed Fox broadcasting a pilot of Family guy only lasting 7 minutes and they accepted it from the responses to be shown on TV and given money to produce more. After the third series in 2001 it was canceled by Fox due to the number of complaints made, but  the number of people paying for the DVDs and another animation company 'Adult Swim' which does a lot of stop motion animation of comedy convinced Fox to reproduce the show in 2004. The creator of Adult swim is also the voice of 'Chris' in Family guy. Seth MacFarlane does the voices of Peter Griffin, Stewie Griffin, Brian Griffin, Glen Quagmire and many more.
He also produced a number of other animations
for example American Dad and The cleveland show.
Family guy mainly generates their comedy through
stereotypes from all countries even America and
religions. The show is based more for teenagers and
adults as there is a lot of swearing and ' adult themes'
for example some dark humour etc.


Matt Groening

The Simpsons

The Simpsons is based on an American Family. It was created by Matt Groening  in 1989 and is still going strong today. The writers were John Swartzelder, Jon vitti, George Meyer, Jeff Martin, Al Jean, Mike Reiss, Jay Jogen and Wallace Wolodarsky. The new Simpsons writers now consist of sixteen writers who all pitch their own ideas. Matt Groening also made 'Futurama' which is basically what he believes the normal family of the future will consist of with the same feeling as the simpsons. Both of which are still being made to date. The Simpsons is a family show which can be enjoyed by anyone, also they use slight swear words parents are not that bothered about letting their children watch it.


Nintendo 

Pokemon 

Pokemon was created by Satoshi Tajiri in 1996

but is owned and published by Nintendo. Pokemon has gone onto making many different Pokemon games, the Pokemon games are the worlds second more successful game franchise behind another Nintendo creation, Mario. The pokemon series have sold more than 200 million copies world wide. Pokemon, although when you watch it you would think it is based in America but as it is a Japanese show you can still recognise that there is Japanese influences in there. The pokemon show is based on children to start with but as people at a young age grow up with the show, it means that a lot of adults/ teenagers still like to play and maybe watch pokemon, as it is so recognisable to them and they are still able to enjoy it.


Aardman Animations 

Wallace and Gromit

Wallace and Gromit is a British series, The characters are moulded from plasticine and filmed through Stop motion animation. Wallace and Gromit was made in 1989 till present, The creator Nick Park made another other series like Shawn the Sheep and just recently a Film called The Pirates, which is also a plasticine stop motion animation film. Wallace and Gromit is a very 'British' series as they act like ordinary British people would rather than how americans behave. It is mainly a comedy but  can also be quite scary for a much younger audience.

Pixelation

Pixelation works by taking multiple photos of someone moving slightly each time. When these photos are played back in a normal pace it tricks your brain into thinking it is a moving image. You can make this type of animation with almost anything.

We made a quick 11 second animation to show how pixilation works. Pixilation is a series of still images put together one after another and when they are played back it tricks your brain into thinking the picture is moving. For pixilation to work the images need to be only slightly changed to make it look like a smooth transaction and to give you the best result. The frame rate was 12 images a second, the more frames a second means the smoother the result. The file export was a DV which is the highest quality file but it takes up the most memory to save. Then we exported the file into the public folder in our college so the entire group had access to the document and were able to upload the video to their own YouTube.
We are happy with the result of our stop motion animation, I did enjoy doing the animation and would not mind being in future animations. We have uploaded the video to youtube to allow it to be marked and for the public to watch.

1950s - 1970s

Animation from 1950s - 1970s


Looney toons

Bugs bunny 1950s

Bugs Bunny was made in America by Warner Bros and was first created in 1938. He is famous for his catch phrase 'eh... What's up, doc?" He was that popular that Warner Bros was known for him more than any other of their cartoons like and he ended up being in short films during the golden age of American animation.









Universal studios 

Woody Woodpecker 1960s

Woody Woodpecker was an animation made by Universal studios and became popular in the 1940s but continued for years. Woody Woodpecker was known for his "annoying" laugh. Woody woodpecker was originally owed by Lantz until his studio went bust and then he was bought buy Universal studios and he is still around today in Universal studios and he is also one of their most recognized cartoons.












Warner Bro's

Marine Boy 1966

Marine Boy when it was first aired was one of the first colour cartoons shown. It was first seen in Japan as Undersea Boy Marine but was changed when it was aired on U.S., UK, and Australian TV. The program was bought by Warner bro's from the Japanese before it was aired and this is why it had a name change.

Animation 1920s - 1950s

Norman McLaren



Dots - 1940

This animation was the first  abstract animation made. This animation
was an experiment were he dropped water droplets and paint droplets
onto the cell.

Neighbours - 1952

This was an animated film that includes stop motion and real time.
The most famous part of the film is the part were you are tricked into
thinking they are hovering, this was the most tricky part of the film
because you had to take the pictures just as your legs left the ground
as there is only a short time were you are in the air.



















Walt Disney



Steam Boat willie - 1928

Steam boat willie is one of the first animations to have sound.
Although there is not much actual talking involved in this animation
the sound effects are a big difference for the people in that time as
they had never seen it before. There was almost no talking in this
animation because lip syncing was very hard for them to do because
they did not have the technology we have today.

Snow White - 1937

Snow white was the first animated film to be made. This was the start
of many disney full length films which lasted 2 hours and was drawn
at 25 images per second, which is why it took them about 2-3 years to
complete.

















Max Fleischer

Betty Boop

Betty Boop was one of the classic Max Fleischer cartoons which had to
be sold off when they went out of business to Disney after their film
failed in the Boxoffice because it was over shadowed by Disney's
Snow white.

















Popeye - 1934

Popeye was also a black and white cartoon from Max Fleischer that had
the same fait as Betty boop when she was sold off when they went bankrupt.
When popeye was sold they changed his sailer suit to all white.

Godfathers of Animation + 1900s - 1930s

George Mellies

A trip to the Moon

Born 8th december 1861. Died 21st January 1938.

He was a French film maker who accidentally learn how to trick the brain into thinking objects were moving when they were not. He did this by stopping his camera and then starting to film again after moving objects around. Also known as the 'Stop trick'.








Winsor McCay

Born September 26 1869. Died July 26 1934.

Gentie The Dinosaur 

He was an American Cartoonist and an Animator. He is known for his famous comic strip called Little Nemo that started in 1905. He also made Gertie the Dinosaur in 1914. 











Lotte Reiniger 

Cinderella

Born June 2nd 1899. Died June 19th 1981.

She was a German Animator and film Director. She used cut outs to create her animations rather than drawing her animations through cel animation.

Persistence of vision is an early version of animation were many still images that are slightly different to each other are placed in sequence which trick the brain into thinking it is a moving image. 

One of the early uses of persistence of vision is a "Zoetrope".

This image shows how you use the Zeotrope followed by an image of what the image would look like to you.

Zeotrope

What an image would look like inside the
 Zeotrope when moving

Kinetoscope 

The user would look into the devise and it would run a strip of still images to create the persistence of vision. The strip of images are what today would look like stop motion animation taken by cameras and put onto computers.

Strip that is found inside.

This is one of the first examples of a kinetoscope 

Mutoscope

Here is how a Mutoscope would of looked like to the user.